利用oracle外部表查看报警信息

http://www.itjxue.com  2015-07-17 10:50  来源:未知  点击次数: 

  首先了解什么是外部表,与其它表的区别,建立一个简单的外部表(主要看操作过程),最后我们用外部表查看ORACLE报警日志
  一.了解oracle外部表
  外部表定义:结构被存放在数据字典,而表数据被放在OS文件中的表
  作用:在数据库中查询OS文件的数据,还可以将OS文件数据装载到数据库中
  与其它表的区别:在外部表上不能执行DML操作,也不能在外部表上建索引,只能执行select操用
  二.建一个简单的外部表
  1.建一个OS上的文件
  因为外部表主要是查看OS上的文件,首先在OS上建一个文件
  mkdir -p /oracle/ext
  vi /oracle/ext/ext.dat
  10,20,30
  40,50,60
  70,80,90
  2.授予用户权限,并建立目录对象
  在此我们先建一个新用户
  create user test identified by “123” default tablespace test quota unlimited on test;
  用户授权
  SQL> grant create any directory to test;
  建立目录对象
  SQL> conn test / 123
  Connected.
  SQL> create directory ext as '/oracle/ext';
  Directory created.
  3.建立外部表
  SQL> create table exttable(
  id number,name varchar2(10),i number
  )organization external
  (type oracle_loader
  default directory ext
  access parameters
  (records delimited by newline
  fields terminated by ','
  )location('ext.dat')
  );
  4.测试
  SQL> select * from exttable;
  ID NAME I
  ---------- ---------- ----------
  10 20 30
  40 50 60
  70 80 90
  测试成功,可见在数据库中可以查询OS文件的数据
  二. 使用外部表查看oracle报警日志
  由于在上面实验中已建立了一个用户,并赋相应的权限,而且也有了OS文件(即报警文件alert_SID.log),所以在此直接建立目录对象并建立外部表就可以了。
  1.建立目录对象
  SQL> conn test / 123
  Connected.
  SQL> create directory bdump as '/oracle/u01/app/oracle/admin/db2/bdump';
  Directory created.
  2.建立外部表
  SQL> create table alert_log(
  text varchar2(400)
  )organization external
  (type oracle_loader
  default directory bdump
  access parameters
  (records delimited by newline
  )location('alert_db2.log')
  );
  3.测试
  首先查看能否查到alert_db2.log的内容
  SQL> select * from alert_log where rownum < 10;
  TEXT
  Thu Jun 11 00:51:46 2009
  Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
  Cannot determine all dependent dynamic libraries for /proc/self/exe
  Unable to find dynamic library libocr10.so in search paths
  RPATH = /ade/aime1_build2101/oracle/has/lib/:/ade/aime1_build2101/oracle/lib/:/a
  de/aime1_build2101/oracle/has/lib/:
  LD_LIBRARY_PATH is not set!
  The default library directories are /lib and /usr/lib
  Unable to find dynamic library libocrb10.so in search paths
  Unable to find dynamic library libocrutl10.so in search paths
  9 rows selected.
  测试成功
  然后我们测试查报警信息’ORA-%’
  SQL> select * from alert_log where text like 'ORA-%';
  TEXT
  ORA-00202: control file: '/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db2/dbs/cntrldb2
  .dbf'
  ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
  ORA-205 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT...
  ORA-00301: error in adding log file '/home/oracle/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo01.l
  og' - file cannot be created
  ORA-27040: file create error
  ORA-1501 signalled during: CREATE DATABASE db2
  ORA-00200: control file could not be created
  TEXT
  ORA-00202: control file: '/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db2/dbs/cntrldb2
  .dbf'
  ORA-27038: created file already exists
  ORA-1501 signalled during: CREATE DATABASE db2
  ORA-00200: control file could not be created
  ORA-00202: control file: '/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db2/dbs/cntrldb2
  .dbf'
  ORA-27038: created file already exists
  ORA-1501 signalled during: CREATE DATABASE db2
  测试成功,
  可见我们可以使用外部表来方便的查看ORACLE的报警信息.

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